| Landscape | An excellent specimen tree. |
| Propagation | Propagate by seed, with light present for germination, although seeds may not come true. Can also be propagated through side-veneer grafts in late winter. |
| Cultivation | Very hardy, but prefers a deep, well-draining loam soil. |
| Pests | Prone to attack by several bracket fungi, as well as mildew and birch rust. |
| Bark/Stem Description | Bark is dense peeling in curling flakes but not exfoliating, brown tinged grey, often becoming totally grey with age. Twigs are dark grey with white glands. |
| Leaf Description | Leaves are dark green, growing to 5-10 x 4-7 cm, unevenly serrate. |
| Fruit Description | Catkins that are narrowly oblong, to 2-2.5 cm. Wings of the nutlet are approximately half as broad as the nutlet. |
